Resonance Structures Study Guide

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Resonance structures are different ways of drawing the same molecule, showing the distribution of electrons within a molecule. In this study guide, we will cover the key concepts related to resonance structures.

What is a Resonance Structure?

A resonance structure is a hypothetical structure that shows the delocalization of electrons in a molecule. It is used to explain the stability and reactivity of molecules that cannot be represented by a single Lewis structure. Resonance structures are not actual forms of the molecule, but rather different ways of depicting the distribution of electrons in a molecule.

How to Draw Resonance Structures

There are several steps to follow when drawing resonance structures:

1. Draw the Lewis structure for the molecule.
2. Identify atoms that can change their formal charges by moving electrons.
3. Determine which atoms should donate or accept electrons to minimize formal charges.
4. Draw different resonance structures by moving electrons and keeping the overall charge and number of electrons constant.
5. Finally you can draw the resonance hybrid with dotted lines where the bonds would be, or a circle in the case of benzene.
   

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